Continuing with the introduction of the WHO Guide, we share the chapters that specifically refer to the implications for public health.
Chapter 4: Identifying and maximizing the public health benefits of AI for development and delivery of pharmaceutical products
Undoubtedly, AI could greatly enhance public and global health by addressing unmet needs and improving drug development and access in areas currently neglected by the pharmaceutical system. Achieving these benefits would require intentional use of AI. Along with supportive investments, policies, and proactive actions by the public sector, philanthropies, and not-for-profit organizations. Some potential uses of AI in this context are:
- Medicines and vaccines to address unmet needs.
- Making clinical trials more inclusive.
- Strengthening pharmacovigilance.
- Monitoring the procurement, supply and distribution of medicines in low- and middle-income countries.
Chapter 5: Risks and challenges
While beneficial for public health and drug development, these technologies present several challenges and risks. The WHO identifies the following specific concerns in using AI for health:
- Bias.
- Safety.
- Explainability and transparency.
- Responsibility and accountability.
- Privacy and informed consent.
Conclusion
AI's integration into drug development and distribution has the potential to deliver significant public health benefits. Provided that challenges are proactively addressed and equitable access is ensured. Effective implementation of AI in this field requires careful consideration of associated risks and the adoption of proactive measures to mitigate them. Ensuring that the advantages of AI are maximized while safeguarding against potential drawbacks.